1	The A to Z of Veggies
2	The Veggie Alphabet A ASPARAGUS B BEAN C CARROT D DANDELION E EGGPLANT F FARMING G GARLIC H HARVESTING I IRISH POTATO J JICAMA K KOHLRABI L LETTUCE M MELON N NUTRITION
3	The Veggie Alphabet O OKRA & ONION P PEPPER Q QUALITY R RADISH S SWEET CORN T TOMATOES U USDA V VEGETABLE GARDEN W WINTER SQUASH X XXX SEX Y YEAR ROUND HARVEST Z ZUCCHINI
4	A is for Asparagus Asparagus officinalis
5	Asparagus Facts Family: Liliaceae Type: Perennial Native: Europe and Western Asia America: Introduced in 1600s Folk Medicinal Use: Jaundice Nutritional Value: 5 spears = 25 calories Vitamin A 10% Vitamin C 15% Calcium 2% Iron 2% Fat 0g Sodium 0mg Carbohydrates 4g Protein 2 g
6	Asparagus Culture Trench 6 - 8 inches Use Compost Cover as spears elongate Harvest 2nd year Fertilize after harvest
7	B is for Bean Phaseolus vulgaris
8	Bean Facts Family: Fabaceae (Leguminoseae) Type: Annual Native: Central America America: Native Folk Medicinal Use: antibacterial (?) Nutritional Value: 3/4 Cup = 25 calories Vitamin A 4% Vitamin C 10% Calcium 4% Iron 2% Fat 0g Sodium 0mg Carbohydrates 5g Protein 1g
9	Bean Culture Seed 1 to 2 inches deep Warm soil, 65ºF Well-drained Replant mid-summer for fall No or little nitrogen
10	Types of Beans Bush erect plant, usually short season Pole twining type of bean, usually matures later but harvest time is longer Snap beans Southern Peas Lima Beans Pinto Beans Black-eyed Peas Black Beans Peanuts English Peas
11	C is for Carrot Daucus carota L. ssp. sativus
12	Carrot Facts Family: Apiaceae Type: Biennial Native: Europe and Western Asia America: Introduced in 1700s Folk Medicinal Use: seeds - birth control Nutritional Value: 7 inches = 35 calories Vitamin A 270% Vitamin C 10% Calcium 2% Iron 0% Fat 0g Sodium 40mg Carbohydrates 8g Protein 1g
13	Carrot Culture Sow 1/4 inch deep Loose soil required Well-drained soil Replant mid-summer for extra sweet fall carrots Mark row w/radish
14	Types of Carrots Danvers medium to long with broad shoulders and sharp taper Imperator more slender and slightly longer than Danvers type Nantes nearly cylindrical with no taper, fairly rounded at ends Chantenay medium to short with a slight taper and blunt end
15	D is for Dandelion (and other “weeds”)
16	Dandelion Facts Family: Asteraceae Type: Perennial Native: probably Europe Folk Medicinal Use: fever and as diuretic Nutritional Value: High in Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Calcium and other minerals Yellow petals can be used for food coloring
17	Dandelion Culture Grows easily from seed ‘Montmagny’ is a French cultivar with a mild taste Harvest leaves early in spring
18	Other Edible Weeds Chicory Cichorum intybus Purslane Portulaca oleracea Lamb’s Quarters Chenopodium album
19	E is for Eggplant Solanum melongena
20	Eggplant Facts Family: Solanaceae Type: Annual Native: Tropics America: Introduced early as ornamental Folk Medicinal Use: alkaloids (?) Nutritional Value: 1/5 = 25 calories Vitamin A 0% Vitamin C 2% Calcium 0% Iron 2% Fat 0g Sodium 0mg Carbohydrates 5g Protein 1g
21	Eggplant Culture Large, healthy transplants Warm season Chilling sensitive Well-drained soil Bees helpful
22	Cultivars of Eggplant Japanese ‘Ichiban’ ‘Neon’
23	F is for Farming US Market $1.5 billion In Wisconsin $150 million Market gardens Plant breeding Genetic engineering
24	G is for Garlic Allium sativum
25	Garlic Facts Family: Alliaceae Type: Bulbous perennial Native: Middle Asia America: 1700s (?) Folk Medicinal Use: colds, warding off evil Nutritional Value: 1 clove = 5 calories Vitamin A 0% Vitamin C 2% Calcium 0% Iron 0% Fat 0g Sodium 0mg Carbohydrates 1g Protein 0g
26	Garlic Culture Plant cloves in late summer, early fall Cool season Well-drained soil Harvest >9 months Curing necessary
27	H is for Harvest
28	Harvest Facts Depends on taste and timeliness Fruit Vegetables: immature and mature Leaf and Stem Vegetables : slightly immature is preferable Floral Vegetables: Hand harvest when head size is right Roots, Tubers and Bulb Vegetables: various stages of development
29	I is for Irish Potato Solanum tuberosum
30	Irish Potato Facts Family: Solanaceae Type: Tuberous perennial Native: America Folk Medicinal Use: pimples and burns Nutritional Value: 1 medium = 100 calories Vitamin A 0% Vitamin C 45% Calcium 2% Iron 8% Fat 0g Sodium 0mg Carbohydrates 26g Protein 4g
31	Irish Potato Culture Plant certified seed tubers or pieces Cool season Well-drained soil Low pH Skin set occurs after vines die
32	J is for Jicama Pachyrrhizus erosus
33	Jicama Culture Climbing legume 10 to 20 ft tall Warm season Harvest root after 3 to 5 months Leaves, pods, seeds may be poisonous
34	K is for Kohlrabi Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes
35	Kohlrabi Culture Brassicacea family Cool season Frost tolerant Plant early or late Harvest when young and tender
36	L is for Lettuce Lactuca sativa
37	Lettuce Facts Family: Asteraceae Type: Herbaceous Annual Native: Mediteranean Basin America: a long time Folk Medicinal Use: lactucopicrin (?) Nutritional Value (leaf lettuce): 1 1/2 cups = 15 calories Vitamin A 40% Vitamin C 6% Calcium 4% Iron 0% Fat 0g Sodium 30mg Carbohydrates 4g Protein 1g
38	Lettuce Culture Seed at 1/4 inch depth or use transplants Cool season Moist soil Well-drained soil Harvest in ~50 days
39	M is for Muskmelon Cucumis melo L. Reticulatus
40	Muskmelon Facts Family: Cucurbitaceae Type: Annual Native: Persia America: 1400s Folk Medicinal Use: ? Nutritional Value: 1/4 melon = 50 calories Vitamin A 100% Vitamin C 80% Calcium 2% Iron 2% Fat 0g Sodium 25mg Carbohydrates 12g Protein 1g
41	Muskmelon Culture Seed at 1/2 to 1 inch depth, 5 ft centers Warm season Chilling sensitive Well-drained soil Moist soil Bees essential Powdery mildew
42	N is for Nutrition Vitamin C Vitamin A - Carotenes Vitamin E Vitamin B6 Minerals Fiber Terpenes Carotenoids Phytosterols Phenols Isoflavones Thiols Glucosinolates Allylic sulfides Indoles
43	O is for Okra Abelmoschus esculentus
44	Okra Culture Malvaceae family (Hibiscus) Warm season Warm soil Soak seed 24 hrs Use knife to harvest pods when ~3 inches Ornamental Value
45	O is for Onion Allium cepa
46	Onion Facts Family: Alliaceae Type: Herbaceous Biennial Native: Southern Asia America: 1400s Folk Medicinal Use: antibiotic Nutritional Value: 1 1/2 cups = 15 calories Vitamin A 40% Vitamin C 6% Calcium 4% Iron 0% Fat 0g Sodium 30mg Carbohydrates 4g Protein 1g
47	Onion Culture Alliaceae family Plant sets, transplants or seeds Seeds are short-lived Cool season High organic matter Harvest bulb onions when tops fall over
48	P is for Pepper Capsicum annuum
49	Pepper Facts Family: Solanaceae Type: Annual (or perennial) Native: Central America, Central Mexico America: 1700s (?) Folk Medicinal Use: colds Nutritional Value (green bell pepper): 1 medium pepper = 30 calories Vitamin A 8% Vitamin C 190% Calcium 2% Iron 2% Fat 0g Sodium 0mg Carbohydrates 7g Protein 1g
50	Pepper Culture Plant transplants Warm season Moist soil - mulch is beneficial Harvest immature or mature Ornamental Value
51	Q is for Quality Appearance size and shape color gloss blemishes Texture Flavor Nutritive Value Safety
52	R is for Root Crops
53	Root Crop Facts Families: Apiaceae (carrot, parsnip) Chenopodiaceae (beet) Brassicaceae (turnip, rutabaga) Convolvulaceae (sweet potato) Nutritional Value (beet): 1 medium beet = 50 calories Vitamin A 0% Vitamin C 4% Calcium 0% Iron 0% Fat 0.5g Sodium 150mg Carbohydrate 11g Protein 1g
54	Root Crop Culture Seed or slips (sweet potato) Loose soil essential - sandy loam Warm Season sweet potato (Ipomea batatas) Cool Season radish (Raphanus sativus) beets (Beta vulgaris) carrots (Daucus carota)
55	S is for Sweet Corn Zea mays
56	Sweet Corn Facts Family: Poaceae Type: Annual grass Native: Central America <3500 B.C. America: 63 varieties by 1900 Nutritional Value: 1 ear = 80 calories Vitamin A 2% Vitamin C 10% Calcium 0% Iron 2% Fat 1g Sodium 0mg Carbohydrates 18g Protein 3g
57	Sweet Corn Culture Seed Warm season Soil 70 - 85ºF Planting pattern critical for proper pollination - “think square” 4 rows minimum
58	T is for Tomato Lycopersicon lycospersicum
59	Tomato Facts Family: Solanaceae Type: Annual Native: Peru or Bolivia America: 1710 Folk Medicinal Use: insect repellent Nutritional Value: 1 medium tomato = 35 calories Vitamin A 20% Vitamin C 40% Calcium 2% Iron 2% Fat 0.5g Sodium 5mg Carbohydrates 7g Protein 1g
60	Tomato Culture Plant transplants Warm season Moist soil - mulch is beneficial, red is best Calcium nitrate Night temperature critical: 60 - 70 ºF
61	Types of Tomatoes Cherry smaller, sweeter tomatoes Roma paste or processing tomatoes Beefsteak larger tomatoes for fresh slicing Determinate 3 to 4 ft tall plant ends in flower bud Indeterminate 7 to 15 ft tall plant “never ends”, remains vegetative
62	U is for USDA United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Marketing Service Fresh Products of Fruits and Vegetables Grade Fresh Produce at point of shipping 150 official grade standards used
63	V is for Vegetable Gardens Garden to meet your needs Garden to help others Garden for fresher produce Garden for organic produce Garden for specialty crops Garden for the pure joy
64	W is for Winter Squash
65	Winter Squash Facts Family: Cucurbitaceae Cucurbita argyosperma (pumpkin, cushaw, winter squash) Cucurbita moschata (gourd, butternut squash) Cucurbita maxima (giant pumpkin) Native: Americas Nutritional Value (spaghetti squash): 1/2 cup= 25 calories Vitamin A 0% Vitamin C 2% Calcium 2% Iron 2% Fat 0g Sodium 15mg Carbohydrate 4g Protein 0g
66	Winter Squash Culture Seed early Moist soil Warm Season Mulch Bees essential Powdery mildew
67	X is for XXX (Sex)
68	X is for XXX (Sex)
69	X is for XXX (Sex)
70	Y is for Year Round Gardening Know Your Last Frost Date in Spring Warm the soil - plastic Mulch after soil is warm Cloches Greenhouses Cool Season Crops Know Your First Frost Date in Fall Plant fall garden in August Windowsills and artificial lights
71	Z is for Zucchini Cucurbita pepo
72	Zucchini Facts Family: Cucurbitaceae Type: Annual Native: Mexico (?) to Italy America: ? Nutritional Value: 1/2 medium squash = 20 calories Vitamin A 6% Vitamin C 30% Calcium 2% Iron 2% Fat 0g Sodium 0mg Carbohydrates 4g Protein 1g
73	Zucchini Culture Seed Warm season Bush-type plants Shallow roots - irrigate Bees essential Excess Squash? Harvest for the Hungry
74	Veggie References Vegetable Crops by Dennis Decoteau Manual of Minor Vegetables by James M. Stephens Vegetable Gardening in the Midwest by C.E. Voigt and J.S. Vandemark Extension Bulletin A8IL1331 Vegetable Cultivars and Planting Guide - 2000 by Helen Harrison UW Extension Bulletin A1653
75	The A to Z of Veggies